Corn Dobrynya is a hybrid variety, the distinctive features of which are sweet taste, high yield and large sizes of ears. Gardeners love this variety of culture for its unpretentiousness to soil and resistance to disease.
Corn Dobrynya
The taste of corn Dobrynya is very sweet
Dobrynya corn is stored for a long time
Description of the variety, its advantages and disadvantages
Dobrynya corn is a hybrid of American origin with an early ripening period. This crop is also called "American super sweet corn" because its seeds are imported from America, and the percentage of sugar in it is 20-30%. The world leader in the production and consumption of sweet corn is the United States.
Ripe grains have high taste and marketability. They are good in boiled form, do not lose their properties after freezing and preservation. The taste of corn is very sweet. Large cobs are composed of juicy grains, full, do not have undeveloped areas.
The main characteristics of the variety Dobrynya:
- plant height - up to 1.7 m;
- the height of the ears is 70 cm;
- cobs length - up to 25 cm;
- diameter of ears - up to 5.5 cm;
- the number of ears on one plant - 1-2;
- the number of rows of grains in the cob - 16-18;
- ripening time is 2-2.5 months from the time of seed germination.
Grade Advantages:
- undemanding to the soil composition;
- weak susceptibility to wilting and common diseases of the culture (mosaic, rust);
- high productivity;
- high nutritional value of grains (they contain proteins, water-soluble sugars, chromium, iron, nickel, selenium, zinc);
- long shelf life without loss of appearance and taste;
- fast ripening.
Among these varieties, Dobrynya is characterized by an optimal ratio of early ripeness and cobs.
The disadvantages of the variety include the demand for lighting: if you choose a shaded area for planting, the culture does not form cobs. Also, the Dobrynya variety is demanding on predecessor crops: it is not recommended to plant corn on the site of millet, sunflower, fodder corn and sugar beets.
Optimal conditions for growing
A variety of maize Dobrynya grows well and develops under such conditions:
- minimum germination temperature - 10-12 degrees (in this case, seedlings appear after 3 weeks);
- optimal germination temperature - 23-28 degrees (seedlings appear after a week);
- good sunshine (sweet corn is a short-day culture, which means that it needs daylight hours that last at least 12-14 hours);
- suitable soils - light fertile, with an acidity of at least 5 pH;
- the need for water is moderate, but increases during the emergence of seedlings and throwing panicles;
- optimal precursor crops: potatoes, melons, buckwheat, grains, legumes.
You should not plant sugar varieties of corn next to toothlike or silica corn, because there will be over-pollination, as a result of which the sugar content in the grains will decrease.
If you plant corn in a soil rich in chernozem, and timely fertilize it in sufficient quantities, the crop can be re-grown in the same area for 2 years.
Soil preparation
Before planting the crop, you need to prepare the site. In autumn, in late September or early October, it is recommended to plow the soil to a depth of 27-30 cm. In the spring, in order to destroy weeds, soil cultivation and harrowing are performed.
If the soil has a poor composition, and is also clogged or heavy, then it must be put in order, otherwise the culture will not yield. It is recommended that sand, organic matter and peat be added to too heavy chernozem or loamy soils (based on a bucket per 1 sq. M). In acidic soils you need to enter the calcareous composition.
Bean preparation
Before sowing, planting material is recommended to be heated by air-thermal method. For this, the grain must be left for 4-5 days in the sun. After that, soak the material in water, heated to 25-30 degrees.
You also need to pay attention to the condition of the grains and their caliber: whole seeds, without damage, are suitable for planting.
In addition, an etching procedure can be carried out to protect the seeds from fungal diseases. To do this, for 10 minutes, lower the planting material in a solution of potassium permanganate.
Landing
The simplest and most common method of planting Dobrynya corn is considered seedlingless. You need to plant seeds in the ground in mid-May - a period when there is no threat of freezing.
The average daily temperature of the soil should be 13-14 degrees. If seeds are sown in insufficiently warmed up soil, then seedlings will appear very slowly and singly.
It is necessary to form beds with a depth of 7-8 cm. The distance between each of them should be 40 cm. Place the grains in the ground, cover them with soil and mulch to retain moisture in the soil.
Crop care during cultivation
To get an early and rich harvest of succulent sweet corn, you need to follow the recommendations for caring for the Dobrynya crop.
Top dressing
The first fertilizer application must be done after the first 5 sheets appear. At this stage of development, the culture needs fertilizers with potassium content. In the first month, you need to make 15% of the fertilizer, and the remaining 75% - during the next month. If the culture lacks potassium, then the edges of its lower leaves curl, become brown and dry.
Phosphorus is required at the rooting stage, as well as during the formation of the cobs of sugar corn of the Dobrynya variety. Gardeners recommend adding Ammophos to the ground.
After 6-8 leaves appear, you can make nitrogen fertilizing. Carbamide is good for corn. An even greater effect of the substance can be expected if you combine it in equal proportions with ammonium nitrate. Fertilizing should be done 3 times with an interval of 7 days.
Most of the phosphorus and potassium top dressing (up to 90%) is recommended to be applied in the fall, under plowing the soil. When sowing, 80% of nitrogen and 10% of phosphorus fertilizers are used, and during the growing season, the remaining 20% of nitrogen fertilizing.
Watering
The most convenient irrigation method is drip. It allows you to maintain the required amount of fluid in the soil and root zone. Farmers and gardeners note that it is drip irrigation that helps to increase the size of ears and the weight of grains.
At each growing season, corn requires a different amount of water, which can be provided using a drip plant. The average water consumption for one irrigation is 350-400 liters per 10 square meters. m
Soil care
3-4 times during the growing season, you need to loosen the aisles to ensure full circulation of air in the soil.
Pest and crop disease control
Variety Dobrynya, like other representatives of sugar sweet corn, is affected by such pests:
- winter scoop;
- cereal and corn aphids;
- corn butterfly;
- wireworms of various kinds (steppe, wide, dark).
You can effectively deal with them using trichograms. This is a special biological method of protecting crops without the use of chemicals. Trichograms are an active insect of small sizes (0.3-0.6 mm), which destroys pest eggs by settling their own larvae in them. Also, to eliminate pests, you can use the permitted types of insecticides, depending on the type of insect.
Sweet Corn Disease:
- stem and root rot;
- fungal mold of seeds;
- gray rot of ears;
- Fusarium cobs.
Prevention of fungal diseases of maize Dobrynya - seed treatment before planting.
When growing corn, you also need to fight weeds. Particular harm to culture is caused by:
- wormwood ragweed;
- field, yellow and pink sow thistle;
- creeping wheat grass;
- white shiritsa.
If weeds appeared before sowing or seedlings of corn, then you can use continuous herbicides (Hurricane Forte). Post-emergence herbicides that can be used in the 3-7 leaf stage (Lancelot, Lumax, Milagro) destroy perennial and annual weeds.
Harvesting and storage
You need to harvest Dobrynya corn at the stage of milk-wax ripeness, when the grains acquire a characteristic color and structure, and the outer leaves brighten and tightly fit the ears.
Ears are harvested manually. It is recommended to do this within no more than 14 days from the appearance of the first technically mature cobs.
If you miss the stage of milk-wax maturity, then the crop will be suitable only for drying and grinding grains into flour.
If large-scale harvesting of corn is carried out in the fields, combine harvesters are used for this. The technique cuts corn shoots at a distance of 15 cm from ground level. When harvesting, it is important to reduce crop losses.
You can store ears of Dobrynya corn on the cob. This method will save the sweetness and juiciness of the grains. The cobs intended for storage are not washed, but cleaned of fibers and leaves, then laid out in thick plastic bags and put in the refrigerator, in the department for fruits and vegetables. They can also be placed in the basement or cellar. Fresh corn is stored for 5-7 days.
Grains can be preserved in brine or pickled, as well as frozen. For freezing, ears are used. Before placing them in the freezer, they must be immersed in boiling water for 2 minutes and then cooled in cold water for the same time. When the cobs have dried, place them in polyethylene or cling film. As such, sweetcorn can be stored for up to 1.5 years.
Following the instructions presented in the article for planting Dobrynya maize and subsequent care for a crop growing in open ground, it is possible to achieve fairly high yields.