In order to grow an ultra-early tomato Sanka at its summer cottage, it is necessary to take into account some of its features. The characteristics of the variety, its description, the characteristics of growing seedlings and planting in the ground, care and reviews - further.
How did the variety appear?
The tomato variety Sanka is the brainchild of breeder Yuri Ivanovich Panchev. In 2003, he was included in the State Register of the Russian Federation. Experts recommend growing it in areas of the Central Black Earth region. Tomato perfectly bears fruit in the beds of the Voronezh, Tambov, Lipetsk, Oryol, Kursk and Belgorod regions.
However, gardeners from other regions grow it in their plots, including in greenhouses and hotbeds, and get an excellent harvest. And in areas with a warm climate, crops are harvested 2 times per season.
Botanical Description
This tomato is a determinant species, that is, it is a representative of undersized tomatoes. The height of the bush varies from 40 to 60 cm.
The stem is strong, so the plant does not need additional support. Leaves of medium size are green. The first inflorescence is laid over the 7th leaf, the next - after 1-2 leaves. Such an intermediate arrangement of inflorescences allows you not to engage in pinching, but letting the plant develop by gravity is also not worth it. Sometimes it may still be necessary to remove excess shoots. The brush is simple.
Fruits are formed early, but climatic conditions and the growing region influence the ripening dates. The first crop is removed on average after 80 days.
Tomatoes are rounded, slightly ribbed. Weight depends on the place of cultivation. In a closed ground, the weight of one tomato can reach 100 g, in an open ground - the mass is much more modest, and on average does not exceed 80 g. A ripe fruit has a saturated red color, an unripe one is green. The pulp is fleshy and dense.
Specifications
The table below shows the main characteristics of a tomato:
Characteristic | Grade indicators |
Type of bush | determinant, standard |
Ripening period | ultra early, 75-85 days |
Productivity | 12-14 kg / sq. m, from one bush - 2-3 kg of fruits |
The number of fruits on the brush | 4-5 fruits |
Fetal mass | 90-100 g |
The form | roundish, slightly ribbed |
Fruit color | red |
Skin | not prone to cracking |
Transportability | high, without loss of presentation they carry long transport |
Appointment | fruits are suitable for fresh consumption, whole-fruit preservation |
Disease resistance | high immunity to diseases, fruits ripen before late blight |
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
What so attracted this variety to gardeners. Vegetable growers who grow Sanka include the following pluses:
- his early maturity;
- resistance to cold;
- undemanding to light - the fruits ripen with a small amount of light;
- it can be grown both in open and in closed ground;
- high immunity to diseases and pests;
- good fruit set in adverse weather conditions;
- friendly crop formation;
- seed material can be collected independently.
However, it has its own minus - this is the average yield.
An overview of tomato Sanka see below:
Growing seedlings
When sowing seeds for seedlings depends on where the tomato will grow in a permanent place. So, in open ground in the Central Black Earth region, seedlings are planted in early April, they are transplanted into the greenhouse earlier - in the middle or end of March. The optimal age of the bushes for transplanting to a permanent place is 60 days.
Thus, the seeds are sown in containers at the end of January-February. In areas with cooler climates, the timing of sowing seeds is shifted by several weeks.
Self-collected seeds must be prepared before planting. First, they are soaked in a weak pink solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection. All pop-up specimens are drained, as they will not germinate. Then they are washed in running water and soaked - half filled with warm water. Water is changed 3 times a day. Hatching seeds are sown in the soil.
If purchased seeds are used, they are sown dry, since the producer usually processes all the seed before packing.
The soil for growing seedlings is purchased ready-made or prepared independently from the following components, taken in equal parts:
- turf;
- sand;
- peat.
Seeds are laid out in rows, the distance between them is 1 cm. They are buried in the soil with a maximum of 2 cm. For germination, it is necessary to maintain a temperature of + 25 ° C, and the box is well covered with a plastic film to create high humidity. As soon as the first shoots appear, the film is removed.
Seedling care is no different from other crops. Plants need light (at least 8 hours), watering - the soil should not dry out, but excess water is contraindicated. In the phase of two real leaves, they are dived into separate containers. Seedlings are planted in a permanent place when the bush has 6-7 leaves and at least one flower brush.
Landing
Tomatoes are planted in open ground when the time of frost has passed, and the daytime temperature does not fall below 14-15 ° C of heat, and the soil warmed up to 10-12 ° C.
Soil selection and preparation
Beds for tomatoes are prepared in advance. They dig the earth with rotted manure or humus, make fertilizers. However, it should be remembered that the potassium rate should be 2-2.5 times the amount of nitrogen.
With a large dose of nitrogen fertilizers, a strong growth of the plant occurs - it stretches, many stepsons are formed. Although this contributes to more abundant flowering, the fruits are poorly formed.
Step-by-step landing
Seedlings are placed on a flat surface, they are planted in 2-3 rows at a distance of 50-70 cm, and 30 × 40 planting schemes are used in open ground; 40 × 40 or 50 × 30 cm.
Follow the following sequence of actions:
- The plant is placed on loosened beds;
- The roots are covered with earth to cotyledon leaves;
- Strongly elongated seedlings are planted at an angle and the stem is filled up to 1/4 of the height;
- After planting, the soil near the roots is well compacted, but the hill near the stem is not left;
- The plant is watered and mulched with peat or sand.
You can find more information about growing tomatoes in the open here.
Features of care for "Sanka"
To get a good harvest, tomatoes are provided with the necessary care:
- Watering. Water the plant with warm water until the soil is evenly moist. Drops of water should not fall on leaves and fruits. In no case should the earth dry out, but too much moisture is not good for the plant.
- Loosening and weeding. After watering, the ground must be loosened and mulched. This helps not only slow down the evaporation of moisture, but also provide oxygen access to the root system. Weeds cleaned in a timely manner.
- Pasynkovka and formation of a bush. Tomatoes of the Sanka variety do not need pinching. Garter may be needed only in the greenhouse, where plants grow to a height of 110 cm. Or, when under the weight of the fruit, the shoots are on the ground.
- Pest and disease control. Having high immunity, these tomatoes rarely get sick, and early ripening of fruits helps to avoid late blight. But adverse weather conditions, coupled with agricultural errors can provoke the development of fungal diseases. Therefore, preventive measures should not be discounted.
Processing plants with Bordeaux liquid or potassium permanganate reduces the risk of rot. If the plant is sick, then suitable fungicides are used. They are used based on the recommendations of manufacturers.
Harvesting and applying tomatoes
Harvest ripens together. If for some reason the fruits have not ripened on the bush, then green tomatoes are cut off, leaving a small tail of the stem, and laid out in a warm, bright place until ripe.
Tomatoes are good both in fresh form and in culinary delights. They are used to make salads, pizza, soups, tomato paste and juice, they are suitable for pickles and savory foods.
Gardeners reviews
About the grade, the reviews are mostly positive, gardeners highlight its early ripeness and unpretentiousness.
Marina, 51 years old, Moscow region. The variety is peerless. Tomatoes ripen the very first. Tasty, fleshy. Salads are awesome. They have never been ill with my late blight. In general, I recommend it to everyone - grow it, you will not regret it.
Nikita, 45 years old, Voronezh region. I liked the variety. I grow it in the open ground, the benefit of residence allows. A big plus is their seeds, you don’t have to buy them every year. Productivity suits me. The taste is normal, ordinary.
Alevtina, 38 years old, Kostroma region. We live in the north. We grow tomatoes in the greenhouse. "Sanka" ripens the very first. Sores do not stick to him, no need to stepchild. For my taste, there isn’t enough sweets in tomatoes, but they are very good in preservation.
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Sanka was loved by those vegetable growers who miss fresh fruits and do not tolerate tasting them in the very near future. The first red fruits are removed from the bushes already 75-89 days after the appearance of the first leaves. With the organization of proper care gives a good harvest.